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P. Panneerselvam ¹, V. Sathya Selva Bala ¹, K. V. Thiruvengadaravi ², J. Nandagopal ², M. Palanichamy ³, S. Sivanesan ³

Affiliations
1 Environmental Management Lab., Dept. of Chemical Engg., Anna University, Chennai 600 025, IN
2 Department of Chemistry, Velammal Engineering College, Chennai-66, IN
3 Department of Chemistry, Anna University, Chennai-25, IN

Abstract

An attempt was made to modify zeolite so as to find use as ion-exchange material for the removal of copper ion from industrial wastewaters. Large pore Hβ zeolite was initially modified with phosphoric acid and further treated with aqueous NaHCO₃ solution to obtain the PNa₂-β. The prepared PNa₂- β was characterized by XRD, BET Surface area, SEM and AAS techniques. The sorptive removal of copper ion from aqueous solutions using modified - β zeolites was investigated. The PNa₂- β zeolite showed higher sorption capacity than Na- β zeolite. It is because of the exchangeable Na⁺ ions being doubled in the PNa₂- β compared to the Na- β zeolite. Equilibrium data were fitted to linear Langmuir and Freundlich models while the kinetic data were represented by pseudo-first order and pseudosecond order kinetic models.

Keywords

Metal Removal, Modified Zeolites, Ion Exchange, Kinetics, Isotherms

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V. Sathyaselvabala ¹, P. Panneerselvam ¹, R. Arulmozhli ¹, K. V. Thiruvengadaravi ², N. Thinakaran ³, S. Sivanesan ¹

Affiliations
1 Environmental Management Lab., Dept. of Chemical Engineering, A.C. Tech., Anna University, Chennai-60 025, IN
2 Dept. of Chemistry, Velammal College of Engineering, Chennai- 600 066, IN
3 Department of Chemistry, Alagappa Govt. Arts College, Karaikudi- 630 001, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Chromium and cadmium are toxic heavy metals present in wastewater from electroplating industries. The removal of Cd (II) and Cr (III) by Amberjet, IR 1200, a synthetic ion exchange resin has been studied. The resin was prepared into two cationic forms H⁺ and Na⁺. The optimum conditions were concentration, pH, stirring time and resin amount. The exchange capacities, moisture content and optimum conditions of this resin were determined in a batch system. The stirring speed was 50 ppm during all the batch experiments. The initial and final chromium and cadmium amounts were determined using the atomic adsorption spectroscopy. The most preferable value of concentration is 10 mg/L; pH is 5.5, stirring time 30 min, amount of resin 200mg. The maximum removal and recovery for Cd (II) and Cr (III) was seen in Na⁺ form of resin.

Keywords

Cadmium, Chromium, Heavy Metal, Water Contamination, Resin, Ion-exchange, Extraction, Effluent

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P. Panneerselvam ¹

Affiliations
1 B. S. Abdur Rahman University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The article stress the importance of libraries in the academic system and what are the innovative services are being implemented in the parent institution to utilize the collections more effectively and efficiently. University Grants Commission (UGC) is giving much importance to the library and information centres and draft line has been framed through National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) for the best practices to be followed in the libraries, which enhance the library users to explore more for their research and academic need.

Keywords

Best Practice, B.S. Abdur Rahman University, Library Portal, Library Blog, Orientation Programme.

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P. Panneerselvam ¹, M. Thangaraju ², M. Senthilkumar ¹, Jayarama ³

Affiliations
1 Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghtta Lake PO, Bangalore, 560 089, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Agricultural Microbiology, TNAU, Coimbatore - 641003, IN
3 Central Coffee Research Institute, CRS -Po, Chikmagalore - 577 117, IN

Abstract

In India, the coffee ischolar_main-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus coffeae) is one of the most destructive pests In many coffee growing areas. The present study was attempted to understand the effects of native microbial consortium (i.e. combination of Azospirillum, Azotobacter, Phosphobacteria, Gluconacetobacter and Psettdomonas) along with arbuscutar mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on the control of coffee ischolar_main-lesion nematode under nursery conditions. The results indicated that application of microbial consortium (5.0 g seedling⁻¹) plus AM fungi (5.0 g seedling⁻¹) on arabica coffee seedlings found to be superior in increasing all the growth parameters viz., leaf area, shoot length, shoot girth, ischolar_main length, dry weight, leaf chlorophyll, total phenol of leaf and ischolar_mains with significant reduction in the nematode populations after three months (18.0 number 100 ml⁻¹ of sterile soil and 18.6 number 100 ml⁻¹ of non-sterile soil) and after six months (14,8 number 100 ml⁻¹ of sterile soil and 17.1 number 100 ml⁻¹ non sterile soli) compared to control. Similar to soil nematode population, the microbial consortium plus AM applied treatments recorded significantly lower nematode population in ischolar_mains after six months of inoculation compared to other treatments.

Keywords

Coffee, Root-Lesion Nematode, Microbial Consortium, AM Fungi.

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S. Nanthakumar ¹, P. Saravana Pandian ², P. Panneerselvam ¹

Affiliations
1 PGP College of Agricultural Sciences, Namakkal (T.N.), IN
2 Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai (T.N.), IN

Abstract

Maize has the highest potential yield and responds greatly to applied fertilizers especially in the irrigated conditions in Tamil Nadu. Phosphorus and sulphur are the major yield limiting factor after nitrogen in the study area- Sivagangai district of Tamil Nadu. Therefore, this study was initiated with the aim of increasing the yield of hybrid maize by optimizing the phosphorus and sulphur fertilizers in the farmer's field. The experiment was laid out in a Factorial Randomized Block Design replicated thrice with five levels of phosphorus viz., 0, 50, 75, 100, 125 kg P₂O₅ per ha and five levels of sulphur viz., 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 kg S per ha. The results revealed that plant height, dry matter production, cob length, cob girth, the number of grains per cob and hundred grain weight were significantly increased with increased dose of P and S, and significantly higher at 125 kg P₂O₅ per ha and 80 kg S per ha. Similarly, the maize grain yield was higher at 125 kg P₂O₅ per ha (5964 kg per ha) and 80 kg S per ha (5035 kg per ha). Interaction of phosphorus and sulphur was additive with respect to growth and yield of maize.

Keywords

Maize, Phosphorus, Sulphur, Yield, Quality.

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M. Senthilkumar ¹, S. Ganesh ¹, K. Srinivas ², P. Panneerselvam ²

Affiliations
1 Gandhigram Rural Institute, Gandhigram - 624302, IN
2 Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore 560089, IN

Abstract

Studies were carried out at Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore, to test the effect of fertigation with a consortium of biofertilizers for sustainable production in banana cv. Robusta (AAA). The combination of fertigation and consortium of biofertilizers significantly influenced yield and yield-attributing characters in both primary and ratoon crops. Fertigation with 100% recommended dose of fertilizers along with the consortium of biofertilizers recorded significantly higher yield compared to soil application of fertilizer, farm yard manure and consortium of biofertilizers. However, yield difference between 100% and 75% recommended dose of fertilizers was not significant. Likewise, yield difference between 75% and 50% recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) too did not differ significantly, although yields declined at 50% RDF. Other growth characters such as number of leaves and plant girth were also significantly influenced by the combined application of fertigation and the consortium of biofertilizers in both main and the crops. However, plant height, number of hands per bunch and TSS were not affected by these treatments. Pulp-to-peel ratio significantly differed in both the main plant and ratoon crops, but days to maturity differed significantly in the ratoon crop. Main plant crop yields were higher compared to that in ratoon. N and K accumulation was significantly higher at 100% fertigation with 300g of the consortium of biofertilizers in both the seasons. However, accumulation of phosphorous was higher at 100% fertigation with 300g of the consortium of biofertilizers (CBF) in the plant crop whereas, in the ratoon crop, highest accumulation of P in the stem was observed at 100% RDF+100g CBF, and, in the leaf and fruit, at 100% RDF with 300g and 200g of CBF, respectively.

Keywords

Banana, Drip Irrigation, Fertigation, PGPR, Biofertilizers, VAM.

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T. Saravanan ¹, P. Panneerselvam ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Crop Management, Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture, Manakkadavu, Pollachi (T.N.), IN

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted on vertisolsat Natural Resources Protection and Development Society Research Station, Namakkal during Rabi season of 2012-13 and 2013-14 to study the effect of organic manure sand rock phosphate on growth and yield of Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum L.) in vertisols of Tamil Nadu. Significantly higher grain yield was recorded with rock phosphate application @ 200 kg/ha (2140 kg/ha) over 50 kg and 100 kg of rock phosphate per hectare except rock phosphate @ 150 kg/ha (2069 kg/ha). Interaction effect of compost 5 t along with rock phosphate 200 kg/ha recorded significantly higher grain yield 2130 kg/ha) and haulm yield (3300 kg/ha) over other treatment combinations except either for organic manures FYM 5 to rcompost 5 t along with 150 to 200 kg rock phosphate per ha. Significantly higher B:C ratio (3.32)was recorded with rock phosphate @ 200 kg/ha over other lower levels. Similarly, combination of compost @ 5 t/ha with 150 kg rock phosphate resulted in higher B:C ratio (3.37).

Keywords

Rock Phosphate, Organic Manures, Phosphate Solubilising Bacteria.

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B. Edwin Jose ¹, P. Panneerselvam ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SSM College of Pharmacy, Erode, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, C. L. Baid Metha College of Pharmacy, Chennai, IN

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health problem and the incidence of DM is increasing at alarming rate all over the world. Many Indian medicinal plants have been reported to possess potential anti diabetic activity and could play important role in the management diabetes. The present study aimed to evaluate anti diabetic activities of ethylacetate extract of Azima tetracantha Lam leaf in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in male wistar rats by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg b.wt.). The diabetic rats were administered orally with Azima tetracantha Lam leaf ethyl acetate extract at two different doses (150 and 250 mg/kg b.wt./day) for 18 days. At dose levels of 150 and 250 mg/kg, glucose levels were decreased by 24.8% and 29.9% at the 6th hour, respectively. Anti diabetic effect of the extract was slightly decreased at the 8^th hour, but remained statistically significant. An overall reduction of 26% was observed on the 18th day by 50mg/kg administration (p<0.01). 52.5% reduction of glucose level in the serum absorbed at 18th day administration at dose level of 150 mg/kg (p<0.0001). 250mg / kg extract administration is more effective from 6th day onwards with a reduction rate of 18.9% (p<0.01) and maximum reduction of serum glucose level by 61.9% on the 18th day. Rats treated with higher doses of the extract (150 and 250 mg/kg) showed significant improvements in hepatic and renal function. Additionally, these two dose levels recovered the weight loss and low white blood cell count observed in Streptozotocin-diabetic rats while decreasing liver glycogen. Azima tetracantha Lam leaf ethyl acetate extract (150 and 250 mg/kg) also showed a protective effect on liver oxidative status. The results of present study showed that Azima tetracantha Lam leaf ethyl acetate extract possess significant antihyperglycemic activity and supports the traditional use of Azima tetracantha Lam leaf for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

Keywords

Anti Diabetic, Blood Glucose, Azima tetracantha Lam Leaf, Glycogen, Kidney and Liver Oxidative Status, Streptozotocin.

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A. N. Ganeshamurthy ¹, B. Saritha ¹, T. K. Radha ¹, P. Panneerselvam ¹

Affiliations
1 Division of Soil Science, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bengaluru 560 089, IN

Abstract

The growth of Actinobacteria was evaluated in a new modified nutrient agar media (MNA) supplemented with 1% sodium chloride (NaCl) and compared with the universally accepted media which are under regular use. Thirteen different Actinobacterial isolates were evaluated for their growth in both solid and liquid media in MNA along with four regularly used media ISP-2, kenknight, starch casein and nutrient media. Results indicated that eight isolates (Streptomyces bulli, Streptomyces griseorubens, Streptomyces viridobrunneus, Streptomyces A3, Streptomyces A7, Streptomyces A11, Streptomyces A12 and Streptomyces A13), out of thirteen isolates could grow significantly faster on MNA compared with other solid agar media. Similarly, growth in liquid media recorded by optical density (OD) indicated that three isolates (S. griseorubens, S. viridobrunneus and A7) showed significantly higher OD followed by ISP-2, nutrient, starch casein and kenknight broth after seven days of incubation. All the isolates except S. viridobrunneus and Streptomyces A12 could tolerate NaCl concentration upto 6% in liquid modified nutrient broth. The present study showed that Actinobacteria can be successfully grown faster with full pigmentation at 1% NaCl concentration and they can tolerate up to 5% NaCl concentration, in the new proposed MNA media.

Keywords

Actinobacteria, Modified Nutrient Agar Media, Optical Density, Sodium Chloride.

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Govindharaj Guru-Pirasanna-Pandi ¹, Aashish Kumar Anant ¹, Jaipal Singh Choudhary ², Soumya Bharati Babu ¹, G. Basana-Gowda ¹, M. Annamalai ¹, Naveenkumar Patil ¹, Totan Adak ¹, P. Panneerselvam ¹, Prakash Chandra Rath ¹

Affiliations
1 Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753 006, IN
2 ICAR-RCER Farming System Research Centre for Hill and Plateau Region, Ranchi 834 010, IN

Abstract

Brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, is the major pest of rice in India and causes significant yield loss. It causes damage by sucking the plant sap leading to a characteristic symptom called ‘hopper burn’. The present study was undertaken to assess the genetic variability of N. lugens populations from different rice ecologies in India, to comprehend and assist in planning proper management strategies. We evaluated the molecular diversity in 17 N. lugens populations based on internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITSI) gene sequences. In all, 53 unique haplotypes were identified and their numbers varied from 1 to 10 in the sampled populations. Genetic diversity indices like nucleotide diversity, haplotype number, haplotype diversity and average number of nucleotide differences revealed low to high levels of genetic diversity among the populations. A highly significant negative relation of Fu’s F and Tajima’s D tests with insignificant sum of square deviation (SSD) values indicated possible recent expansion of N. lugens in different Indian regions with a population expansion time of 3.9 million years. A non-significant correlation in isolation pattern by distance indicated that geographic barriers present in India are inadequate to bring genetic differentiation among N. lugens from different migratory populations. In the present study, the ITSI gene sequence was used to analyse genetic structure among N. lugens in India.

Keywords

Genetic Structure, Haplotypes, Molecular Diversity, Nilaparvata Lugens, Rice

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